JIP Database 2018

• About The Japan Industrial Productivity Database 2018 (JIP Database 2018)
• Estimation Methods
• Data download

The Japan Industrial Productivity Database 2018 (JIP Database 2018) is the latest version of the JIP Database compiled in a collaborative effort between RIETI under its East Asian Industrial Productivity Project within the Raising Industrial Firm Productivity Program and Hitotsubashi University with the support of the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S) project on "Service Sector Productivity in Japan" and the JSPS program "Constructing Data Infrastructure for the Humanities and Social Sciences."

The JIP Database 2018 comprises, for the period from 1994 to 2015, various types of annual data necessary for estimating total factor productivity (TFP) in 100 industries covering Japan's economy as a whole, including capital service input indices and capital costs, quality-adjusted labor service input indices and labor costs, nominal and real output and intermediate inputs, as well as growth accounting results, including estimates of TFP growth rates.

The JIP 2018 is a fully revised version that contains a number of important changes from the JIP 2015. For example, (1) reflecting changes in the 2008SNA, it treats research and development expenditure as capital formation, and (2) reflects changes in the classification of industries from an activity (product) basis to one based on the industry to which an establishment belongs (as a result, the number of industries in Japan's economy as a whole changed from 108 to 100). For details of these changes, see the links below. As the control totals for the JIP 2018, the output data from the 2011SNA are used; however, since these data are available only from 1994 onward, the JIP 2018 also only covers the period from 1994 onward. The next release of the JIP, the JIP 2019, will attempt to extend the data backward as much as possible. Moreover, while the SNA have been revised as a result of the release of reaggregated data from the Monthly Labour Survey, this revision is not incorporated in the JIP 2018. This point will also be dealt with in the JIP 2019.

The JIP 2018 covers the years from 2012 to 2015, a period of recovery for the Japanese economy: led by the manufacturing sector, GDP growth rebounded as a result of the yen depreciation brought about by Abenomics. At the same time, this was a period in which employment of women and seniors increased substantially. These trends likely have shaped the course of industrial productivity in Japan in a variety of ways, and the JIP 2018 provides the data to examine the impact of these developments in detail.

In previous versions of the JIP Database, the following intangible assets -- research and development, mineral exploitation and appraisal, and computer software -- were included in the supplementary tables.

The original version of the JIP Database -- the ESRI/Hi-Stat JIP Database 2003 -- was compiled in a collaboration between the Economic and Social Research Institute (ESRI), Cabinet Office, as part of its Japan's Potential Growth research project, and Hitotsubashi University, as part of its Hi-Stat project. The database developers are grateful to ESRI for the support and cooperation it provided in constructing the JIP Database 2018.

The key characteristics of the JIP Database 2018 include the following:

• Both the database itself and its underlying original data are defined as public property and thus, in principle, will be made available to the general public. (Some of the detailed data will be published on the website of the Institute of Economic Research of Hitotsubashi University.)
• The JIP Database 2018 forms part of the EU KLEMS project, the EU's World Input-Output Database (WIOD) project, the Asia KLEMS project, and the World KLEMS project led by Harvard University. By estimating TFP by industry for the major EU member states, the United States, South Korea, and other countries, these projects make possible international productivity comparisons by industry, including for Japan.

FUKAO Kyoji
MIYAGAWA Tsutomu

Explanation of estimation of the JIP Database up to the 2015 version

• 2006 version
  Fukao, Hamagata, Inui, Ito, Kwon, Makino, Miyagawa, Nakanishi, and Tokui "Estimation Procedures and TFP Analysis of the JIP Database 2006," RIETI Discussion Paper January 2007 07-E-003.
• 2003 version
  Fukao, Inui, Kawai, and Miyagawa, "Sectoral Productivity and Economic Growth in Japan, 1970-98: An Empirical Analysis Based on the JIP Database," in Takatoshi Ito and Andrew Rose (eds.), Growth and Productivity in East Asia, National Bureau of Economic Research-East Asia Seminar on Economics, The University of Chicago Press, 2004.
  (A PDF version of the paper can be downloaded at http://www.ier.hit-u.ac.jp/~fukao/japanese/publication/paper/2004/2004-53.pdf)

Detailed data such as input-output tables, labor and capital input data, etc., will be successively published in the first half of FY2019.