Pollution and City Size: Can Cities be Too Small?

         
Author Name Rainald BORCK (University of Potsdam) / TABUCHI Takatoshi (Faculty Fellow, RIETI)
Creation Date/NO. October 2016 16-E-094
Research Project Spatial Economic Analysis on Trade and Labor Market Interactions in the System of Cities
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Abstract

We study the optimal and equilibrium size of cities in a city system model with environmental pollution. Pollution is related to city size through the effect of population on production, commuting, and housing consumption. With symmetric cities, if pollution is local or per capita pollution increases with population, we find that equilibrium cities are too large. When pollution is global and per capita pollution declines with city size, however, equilibrium cities may be too small. With asymmetric cities, the largest cities are too large and the smallest too small when pollution is local or per capita pollution increases with population; when pollution is global and per capita pollution decreases with population, the largest cities are too small and the smallest too large. We also calibrate the model to US cities and find that the largest cities may be undersized by 3-4%.

Published: Borck, Rainald, and Takatoshi Tabuchi, 2019. "Pollution and city size: Can cities be too small?" Journal of Economic Geography, Vol. 19(5), pp. 995-1020
https://academic.oup.com/joeg/advance-article/doi/10.1093/jeg/lby017/4965905