【WTO专家组·上诉机构报告书解说㉖】中国诉欧盟影响部分禽肉产品关税减让的措施案(DS492)——在国家执行支配领域的专家委员会的法律解释特质

作者 平见健太(东京大学)
发表日期/编号 2019年8月 19-P-014
研究课题 现代国际贸易投资体制的综合研究(第IV期)
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概要

China, which is expanding its export of poultry products in recent years, brought the claims concerning the European Union's (EU) modification of its tariff concessions on certain poultry products and the institution of the tariff rate quotas (TRQs) on these products. Since this WTO dispute is a rare case which concerns the interpretation of GATT Articles XXVIII and XIII, the panel grappled with various interpretative issues with no judicial precedent in the GATT/WTO and newly provided legal interpretations of these issues. The Panel rejected most claims made by China but found that the EU's allocation of the TRQs shares among supplying countries was inconsistent with the requirement of Article XIII:2. This finding provides China gains with an important foothold toward the expansion of poultry products export to the EU market. In implementing the panel's recommendations and rulings, however, it is expected that difficulties will arise, as there are other WTO Members which also have a supplying interest behind this dispute. Namely, the allocation of the TRQs made by the EU had been closely interrelated with the GATT Article XXVIII negotiations with Thailand and Brazil, which are major suppliers of poultry products. Therefore, if the EU reallocates the TRQs only in relation to China, new legal problems will arise in relation to Brazil and Thailand.