数据/调查
CIP数据库2023
CIP4.0数据库
中国产业生产率数据库(以下简称CIP)是经济产业研究所(RIETI)“提高产业和企业生产率”研究项目中的“东亚产业生产率”研究课题与北京大学增长实验室、一桥大学经济研究所开展合作研究,为分析中国经济增长和产业结构变化而制作的基础资料。我们不断对上述资料进行修订和更新。本次网站发布的是中国产业生产率(CIP)数据库2023(CIP 4.0)版。通过追加2015年CIP数据库(CIP 3.0)之后可用的新数据,并使用CIP 3.0阶段未能解决的数据问题处理的新方法,对CIP3.0进行了大幅度修订。本文简要介绍CIP 4.0数据库的特征和和修订核心。
首先,CIP 4.0时间序列并不是1980年至2010年CIP 3.0时间序列的直接延伸,而是涵盖了1987年至2017年期间。这是因为我们使用中国1987年和2017年两套SNA型完整投入产出表,限定可获得最佳投入产出结构,构建时间序列数据。Wu et al.(2023 forthcoming)解释了为什么我们没有象CIP3.0那样超出两个投入产出范围直接延长时间序列的原因。
其次,在构建中国投入产出时间序列时,CIP4.0没有使用自1987年以来每五年发布一次的完整投入产出表,即简化投入产出表。原因是短短一、两年发生了不合理的快速结构性变化(参见Wu and Li,2023 forthcoming)。
第三,CIP 4.0通过对正规经济部门内外两个未分类残差的新处理方式,大幅修正了服务部门间劳动力就业数据的分布,从而解决了与非物质性服务(金融服务)相比物质性服务(例如运输等直接连接或延伸到商品生产的服务)的不合理快速下降的问题。修正中使用了按所有权划分的劳动和相关报酬信息(不涵盖CIP4.0)(参见 Wu and Zhang,2023 forthcoming)。
第四,CIP4.0通过将CIP投资总额与中国投入产出表中提示的固定资本形成总额(Gross Fixed Capital Formation:GFCF)之间的数据差分配到CIP37部门这一新尝试,对资本数据进行了大幅修正。修正时使用了按企业所有权划分的投资信息(不包括在CIP4.0之中)和假设。 这对各部门的资本存量和资本投入估算产生了重大影响(参见Wu and Liang,2023 forthcoming)。
第五,使用CIP4.0数据的增长核算结果提供了中国总增长和生产率绩效的产业来源,但由于基于各种假设,当然显示的是要素投入的普遍贡献,而不是不同类别要素的贡献,因此不包括各项资产和各种劳动类型的贡献(参见Wu et al.2023 forthcoming)。
有关CIP4.0的专业论文
- Wu, Harry X. and Zhan Li. 2021. “Reassessing China’s GDP Growth Performance: An Exploration of the Underestimated Price Effect”, RIETI Discussion Papers, 21-E-018, 2021 (RIETI: Research Institute for Economy, Trade and Industry, Japan)
- Wu, Harry X. and Zhan Li. 2023 (forthcoming). Construction of China’s National Input-Output Tables in Time Series 1978-2018.
- Wu, Harry X., Zhan Li, David T. Liang, Guang Zhang and Huimin Zhu. 2023 (forthcoming). Accounting for China’s Growth and Productivity Performance in 1978-2018: An Introduction to the CIP 4.0 Database.
- Wu, Harry X. and Guang Zhang. 2023 (forthcoming). Measuring Labor Input in the Post-Reform Chinese Economy, 1978-2018.
- Wu, Harry X. and David T. Liang. 2023 (forthcoming). Measuring Capital Input in the Post-Reform Chinese Economy, 1978-2018.
CIP课题
CIP数据库由伍晓鹰教授于2010年启动。从那时起到2019年为止,是经济产业研究所(RIETI)的“东亚产业生产率数据库”课题与一桥大学经济研究所(IER)的合作研究。2019年底吴教授调任北京大学后,对之前RIETI-IER/一桥大学合作研究进行扩展,成为北京大学增长实验室、一桥大学经济研究所和RIETI的合作研究。
CIP研究团队
- 伍晓鹰(北京大学)(团队负责人)
- 深尾京司(一桥大学)
- 乾友彦(学习院大学)
- 岳希明(中国人民大学)
- 李展(安徽师范大学)
- 梁涛(JETRO亚洲经济研究所)
- 张光(香港科技大学)
- 朱慧敏(RIETI,截止2023年3月19日)
研究助理
- 芹泽丽子(一桥大学)
- 吴紫薇(北京大学)
致谢
我们对以下人员在CIP课题,特别是CIP4.0数据库构建过程中对CIP数据工作的评审中提出的批评性意见和建设性建议表示感谢:
- 何文胜(哈佛大学)
- Jiemin Guo(美国商务部经济分析局)
- 孟渤(JETRO亚洲经济研究所)
数据下载
1. 投入产出表
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updated December 21, 2023
1.1 Input-output tables 1987–2017 in millions current yuan. [ XLSX:630KB ]
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updated December 21, 2023
1.2 Gross value-added by industry in millions current yuan. [ XLSX:26KB ]
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updated December 21, 2023
1.3 Gross value of output by industry in millions current yuan. [ XLSX:27KB ]
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updated December 21, 2023
1.4 Distribution of gross value-added in millions current yuan: [ XLSX:40KB ]
- 1.4.1 Capital compensation.
- 1.4.2 Labor compensation.
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updated December 21, 2023
1.5 Final demand by industry in millions current yuan: [ XLSX:78KB ]
- 1.5.1 Consumption.
- 1.5.2 Capital formation.
- 1.5.3 Export.
- 1.5.4 Import.
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updated December 21, 2023
1.6 Producer price index by industry, previous year=100. [ XLSX:22KB ]
2. 资本投入数据
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updated December 21, 2023
2.1 Investment by industry in millions current yuan. [ XLSX:28KB ]
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updated December 21, 2023
2.2 Capital stock by industry in millions 2000 yuan. [ XLSX:28KB ]
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updated December 21, 2023
2.3 Capital input index by industry, 2000=1. [ XLSX:27KB ]
3.劳动投入数据
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updated December 21, 2023
3.1 Numbers employed by industry in 1000s. [ XLSX:25KB ]
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updated December 21, 2023
3.2 Hours worked by industry in millions. [ XLSX:22KB ]
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updated December 21, 2023
3.3 Labor input index by industry, 2000=1. [ XLSX:27KB ]
4.增长核算[XLSX:1.1MB]
updated December 21, 2023
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4.1 The measurement of value-added growth:
- 4.1.1 Nominal gross output by industry (current price, million yuan).
- 4.1.2 Nominal intermediate inputs by industry (current price, million yuan).
- 4.1.3 Nominal value added by industry (current price, million yuan).
- 4.1.4 Growth rate of real gross output by industry.
- 4.1.5 Growth rate of real intermediate inputs by industry.
- 4.1.6 Growth rate of real value added by industry.
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4.2 The measurement of capital input growth:
- 4.2.1 Nominal capital compensation by industry (current price, million yuan).
- 4.2.2 Capital input by industry (Divisia index, 2000=1.000).
- 4.2.3 Real net capital stock index by industry (2000=1.000).
- 4.2.4 Capital quality index by industry (2000=1.000).
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4.3 The measurement of labor input growth:
- 4.3.1 Nominal labor compensation by industry (current price, million yuan).
- 4.3.2 Labor input by industry (Divisia index, 2000=1.000).
- 4.3.3 Hours worked index by industry (2000=1.000).
- 4.3.4 Labor quality index by industry (2000=1.000).
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4.4 Sources of China’s output growth, gross output based:
- 4.4.1 Contribution of intermediate inputs to gross output growth.
- 4.4.2 Contribution of real net capital stock to gross output growth.
- 4.4.3 Contribution of capital quality to gross output growth.
- 4.4.4 Contribution of hours worked to gross output growth.
- 4.4.5 Contribution of labor quality to gross output growth.
- 4.4.6 Contribution of TFP growth.
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4.5 Sources of China’s output growth, value-added based:
- 4.5.1 Contribution of real net capital stock to value-added growth.
- 4.5.2 Contribution of capital quality to value-added growth.
- 4.5.3 Contribution of hours worked to value-added growth.
- 4.5.4 Contribution of labor quality to value-added growth.
- 4.5.5 Contribution of TFP growth.
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4.6 Sources of China’s labor productivity growth, value-added based:
- 4.6.1 Growth rate of labor productivity (real value added/hours worked).
- 4.6.2 Contribution of capital input per hours worked (capital deepening).
- 4.6.3 Contribution of labor quality to labor productivity growth.
- 4.6.4 Contribution of TFP growth.
5.产业代码对照表
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updated December 21, 2023
CIP classification reconciled to Chinese National Accounts and EU-KLEMS classifications. [ XLSX:12KB ]