针对日本企业对华经济关系新侧面调查结果的汇总：外包、服务贸易、数据转移、不确定性

Dependence on China has become a serious concern amid the intensified tension between the U.S. and China. It has become difficult, however, to precisely measure the dependence of developed economies solely based on conventional trade statistics. Trade in service, or invisible trade, is a critical missing piece. Cross-border data transfer is another important issue as economies have increasingly digitized. To respond to these needs, we conducted a survey of Japanese mid- or large-sized firms in manufacturing, wholesale, retail and a part of service industries. We collect data on the number of firms outsourcing tasks to China, firms exporting/importing services to/from China, and firms transferring data to/from China. This survey is a preliminary first step toward capturing previously unnoticed and invisible links with China. We also collect data on firms’ expectations of uncertainty related with China’s economic policy.