紧凑城市政策能否使存续的零售商受益？来自富山市的证据

This study evaluates the compact city policy of Toyama city, Japan, focusing on retail revitalization. To address future population aging and population decline, the "Toyama compact city model" aims at residential concentration in the city center and multiple areas in suburbs, with a public transport system that connects them. On the basis of the economics of density, retail revitalization is also expected from the residential and economic concentration in areas targeted by Act on Vitalization in City Center and Residential Promotion for Surrounding Public Transportation. Using matching estimation and difference-in-differences estimation with the panel data of incumbent retailers located in the targeted areas, which correspond to a treatment group, this study finds that the current framework of the "Toyama compact city model" does not produce the expected results for retail revitalization.