英国的循证决策及其对日本的启示
——着眼于循证的“需求”与“供给”的分析

This paper examines the progress of Evidence-Based Policy Making (EBPM) in the UK since the late 1990s. We particularly focus on "Modernising government" published by the Blair Administration, the role of the Green Book and Magenta Book, the relationship between the Spending Review and Result-oriented Management, the actual situation of appraisal (ex-ante evaluation) and evaluation (ex-post evaluation) in the UK government, the role of Analytical Professions, and the role of independent institutions such as What Works Centres. We summarise the progress of EBPM in the UK from the viewpoint of supply and demand for evidence, and we indicate its implication for promoting EBPM in Japan. The following are thought to be important for promoting EBPM in Japan; (1) commitment to promoting EBPM in order to stimulate the public demand for evidence, (2) a system for utilizing evidence in policy formation, (3) enhancing evidence supply capabilities using analytical professions, (4) facilitating the generation and translation of evidence by arm's length institutions; (5) eliminating the evidence supply-demand gap by better communicating the government's needs for evidence.